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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник аритмологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Arrhythmology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8641</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-7327</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НАО «Инкарт»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestar-672</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РАДИОЧАСТОТНАЯ КАТЕТЕРНАЯ АБЛЯЦИЯ ЖЕЛУДОЧКОВЫХ АРИТМИЙ У ДЕТЕЙ: ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ И ФАКТОРОВ, ВЛИЯЮЩИХ НА ЧАСТОТУ РЕЦИДИВОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RADIOFREQUENCY CATHETER ABLATION OF VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS: ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTIVENESS AND RISK FACTORS OF RECURRENCE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокваша</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokvasha</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Школьникова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkolnikova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Термосесов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Termosesov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Детский научно-практический центр нарушений сердечного ритма на базе МНИИ педиатрии и детской хирургии, Москва<country>Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>75</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сорокваша О.В., Школьникова М.А., Термосесов С.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сорокваша О.В., Школьникова М.А., Термосесов С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sorokvasha O.V., Shkolnikova M.A., Termosesov S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/672">https://vestar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/672</self-uri><abstract><p>С целью оценки эффективности радиочастотной аблации (РЧА) идиопатических желудочковых аритмий (ЖА) в детском возрасте и факторов, влияющих на частоту рецидивов, обследованы и прооперированы 259 детей в возрасте от 5 до 17 лет (13,4±3,1 года; 153 мальчика) с идиопатическими ЖА. В исследование не включены больные с криокатетерной абляцией очага аритмии. В ходе обследования проводили антропометрию, лабораторные исследования крови и мочи, электрокардиографию, допплер-эхокардиографию, холтеровское ЭКГ-мониторирование (ХМ-ЭКГ), стресс-тест (тредмил-тест) по протоколу Bruce, модифицированному для детского возраста. Инвазивное электрофизиологическое исследование (ЭФИ) проводилось под обшей анестезией (91%) по стандартной методике, включая стимуляционное и активационное картирование. В большинстве случаев (82%) использовалось электроанатомическое картирование с помощью навигационной системы «CARTO» (Biosense Webster, США). Основными показаниями к РЧА аритмогенного фокуса послужили выявление признаков аритмогенной дисфункции миокарда и симптомность ЖА. В структуре ЖА значительно преобладали пациенты с частой одиночной и парной ЖЭ - 72% (187 детей). При этом в 49% случаев (127 детей) ЖА имела характер аллоритмии. В 26% (67 детей) ЖЭ сочеталась с залпами мономорфной ЖТ. На долю пароксизмальной ЖТ пришлось 2% (5 детей). Признаки аритмогенной дисфункции миокарда в виде дилатации полости левого желудочка (ЛЖ) и/или снижения фракции выброса на синусовом ритме выявлены в 59% (153 детей). Наиболее частой локализацией очага ЖА является выводной отдел (ВО) правого желудочка (ПЖ). Следующими по частоте встречаемости аритмогенными зонами являлись синусы Вальсальвы (СВ) и свободная стенка ПЖ, которые выявлялись в 3 раза реже, чем ВОПЖ. К редким локализациям у детей можно отнести приточный отдел ЛЖ, верхушечный отдел межжелу-дочковой перегородки, выводной отдел ЛЖ, подклапанное пространство, на долю которых пришлось от 0,4% до 1%. В большинстве случаев (98%) имел место фокусный характер аритмии. Наиболее высокая эффективность РЧА (96,1-100%) отмечена при фасцикулярных ЖТ и ЖТ из синусов Вальсальвы, более низкая - при ЖА из ВОПЖ и из области свободной стенки ПЖ (88,9% и 70,2% соответственно). Крайне низкая эффективность была характерна для эктопии из верхушечного отдела межжелудочковой перегородки. Интраоперационная эффективность после первичной процедуры РЧА составила 86,5%. При последующем наблюдении отсроченный или частичный эффект РЧА отмечен у 7 (2,7%) и 6 (2,3%) детей соответственно. У 7 (2,7%) детей проведено повторное оперативное вмешательство с эффективностью у 3 (1,2%) пациентов. Остальным детям (21 ребенок) повторная РЧА не проводилась. Рецидивы после первичной РЧА отмечены в 8,5% (22 ребенка). Среди них в 91% (20 детей) в ближайший и в 9% (2 ребенка) в отдаленный послеоперационные периоды. У 10 детей (3,9%) проведена повторная РЧА с эффективностью у 8 детей (3,1%). Таким образом, РЧА аритмогенного фокуса является эффективным и безопасным методом лечения ЖА у детей. Общая эффективность РЧА при ЖА составляет 85% и варьирует от 100% до 70% в зависимости от локализации эктопического очага.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>To assess effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in pediatric subjects and risk factors of their recurrence, 259 children aged 13.4±3.1 years (5 17 years, 153 boys) with idiopathic VA were examined and surgically treated. Patients with cryocatheter ablation of arrhythmic foci were not included into the study. The study assessment included anthropometry, blood and urine lab tests, electrocardiography, Doppler echocardiography, Holter ECG monitoring, stress-test (treadmill-test) according to the modified Bruce protocol for children. The invasive electrophysiological study was performed under general anesthesia (91%) according to the commonly accepted technique which included stimulation and activation mapping. In a majority of cases (82%), the electroanatomic mapping using the CARTO navigation system (Biosense Webster, USA) was carried out. The primary indications to radiofrequency ablation of arrhythmogenic foci were presence of signs of arrhythmogenic myocardial dysfunction and symptomatic VA. Patients with frequent single and coupled ventricular premature contractions (VPC) predominated in the structure of VA (187 children; 72%). In 49% of these cases (127 children), allorhythmia was documented. In 26% of cases (67 children), VPC were associated with bursts of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT). Paroxysmal VT occurred in 5 children (2%). Signs of arrhythmogenic myocardial dysfunctions (left ventricular dilatation and/or depressed ejection fraction at the background of the sinus rhythm) were found in 59% of patients (153 pediatric subjects). The most widespread location of VA foci was the right ventricle outflow tract (RV OT). The second widespread arrhythmogenic areas were the aortic sinuses and the RV inflow area, which were revealed 3 times less than RV OT. Rare locations of arrhythmogenic foci in pediatric patients were the left ventricle inflow tract, apical part of inter-ventricular septum, left ventricular outflow tract, sub-valvular space, which took place in 0.4-1% of subjects. In a majority of cases (98%), the focal type of arrhythmia took place. The highest effectiveness of RFA of 96.1 100% was observed in fascicular VT and VT originating from aortic sinus, whereas a lower effectiveness, in case of VA from RV OT and from the RV free wall (88.9% and 70.2%), respectively. The extremely low effectiveness was typical for ectopies in the apical of the inter-ventricular septum. The intra operational effectiveness after the primary RFA procedure was 86.5%. During the subsequent follow-up, a delayed or partial effect of RFA was noted in 7 patients (2.7%) and 6 patients (2.3%), respectively. In 7 children (2.7%), a repetitive intervention was performed, which turned out to be effective in 3 patients (1.2%). Other pediatric patients (n=21) did not undergo repetitive RFA. The recurrence after the primary RFA were found in 8.5% of cases (n=22), including 20 cases in the early post-operation period (91%) and 2 patients in the late post-operation period (9%). In 10 children (3.9%), a repetitive ablation was performed, which was effective in 8 cases (3.1%). Thus, RFA of arrhythmogenic focus is an effective and safe method of the VA treatment in pediatric patients. The total effectiveness of RFA in VA is 85% (100% through 70%) depending of the ectopic focus location.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>идиопатические желудочковые аритмии</kwd><kwd>желудочковая экстрасистолия</kwd><kwd>желудочковая тахикардия</kwd><kwd>фасцикулярная тахикардия</kwd><kwd>радиочастотная катетерная аблация</kwd><kwd>рецидивы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias</kwd><kwd>ventricular premature contractions</kwd><kwd>ventricular tachycardia</kwd><kwd>fascicular tachycardia</kwd><kwd>radiofrequency catheter ablation</kwd><kwd>recurrence</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Collins K. Fascicular and Nonfascicular Left Ventricular Tachycardias in the Young: An International Multicenter Study / K. Collins, M. Schaffer, L. 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