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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник аритмологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Arrhythmology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8641</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-7327</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НАО «Инкарт»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestar-681</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭНДОМИОКАРДИАЛЬНАЯ БИОПСИЯ ИЗ ПРАВЫХ КАМЕР СЕРДЦА У ДЕТЕЙ С НАРУШЕНИЯМИ РИТМА СЕРДЦА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ENDOMYOCARDIAL BIOPSY FROM THE RIGHT CARDIAC CHAMBERS IN PERDIATRIC PATIENT WITH CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васичкина</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasichkina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митрофанова</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitrofanova</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татарский</surname><given-names>Р. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatarsky</surname><given-names>R. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» МЗ РФ, Санкт-Петербург</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>76</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васичкина Е.С., Митрофанова Л.Б., Татарский Р.Б., Лебедев Д.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васичкина Е.С., Митрофанова Л.Б., Татарский Р.Б., Лебедев Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasichkina E.S., Mitrofanova L.B., Tatarsky R.B., Lebedev D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/681">https://vestar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/681</self-uri><abstract><p>С целью оценки результатов эндомиокардиальной биопсии (ЭМБ) у пациентов детского возраста с различными нарушениями ритма сердца обследовано 19 пациентов. При отборе пациентов руководствовались реко-мендацями / показаниями к проведению ЭМБ AHA/ACC/ESC. Нарушения ритма сердца были представлены в 14 случаях желудочковыми аритмиями, у 3 детей наблюдались предсердные тахикардии, у одного ребенка был поставлен диагноз синдром слабости сунусового узла, тахи-брадиформа (синусовая брадикардия, пароксизмальная форма фибрилляции предсердий), и в последнем случае - пароксизмальная форма фибрилляции предсердий. Показаниями для проведения ЭМБ были длительно существующие, прогрессирующие нарушения ритма сердца; дилатация камер сердца с/без снижения фракции выброса, рефрактерность к антиаритмической терапии. В 16 (84,2%) случаях ЭМБ проводилась во время процедуры РЧА очага эктопии, у 2 (10,5%) детей в ходе имплантации кардиовертера-дефибириллятора (ИКД). В 1 (5,3%) случае ЭМБ была самостоятельной процедурой у пациента с диагнозом: синдром слабости синусового узла, тахи-брадиформа. ЭМБ проводилась с использованием биотома фирмы Cordis, осуществлялся забор от 5 до 8 биоптатов из верхушки правого желудочка и межжелудочковой перегородки. Проводилась световая и поляризационная микроскопия биоптатов. Использовался стандартный протокол эндомиокардиальной биопсии. У 19 пациентов было взято 86 биоптатов. Осложнений в ходе процедуры ЭМБ не было ни в одном случае. По данным ЭМБ у 9 (47,4%) детей подтвержден диагноз миокардит, причем в 5 случаях это был активный миокардит, у 2 детей - пограничный и по 1 случаю хронический и разрешившийся миокардит. У двоих детей из этой группы признаки миокардита сочетались с признаки аритмогенной кардиомиопатии / дисплазии правого желудочка (АКДПЖ). Вирусный геном в кардиомиоцитах был подтвержден у 4 детей: в 2 случаях был обнаружен парвовирус В19, и по одному случаю - энтеровирус и вирус Эпштейна-Барр (ВЭБ). У 3 (15,8%) детей изменения морфологической картины трактовались, как первичные кардиомиопатии. У 6 (31,5%) пациентов патологических изменений в биоптате обнаружено не было. В 1 (5,3%) случае по техническим причинам оценка морфологических изменений оказалась невозможной. Таким образом, по данным ЭМБ, проведенной в нашей клинике детям с прогрессирующими нарушениями ритма сердца, миокардит был выявлен в 47,4% случаев. Конечно, не стоит игнорировать тот факт, что столь высокий процент нахождения субстрата аритмий связан с серьезным отбором пациентов для этой процедуры и исходно высокой вероятностью наличия миокардита, предположительно латентного его варианта, как причины злокачественного течения нарушений ритма сердца.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>To assess the results of endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) in pediatric patients with different cardiac arrhythmias, 19 patients were examined. When selecting appropriate candidates for EMB., guidelines and indications to EMB by AHA/ACC/ESC were followed. Cardiac arrhythmias were ventricular ones in 14 cases, 3 patients had atrial tachycardia, in one patient, the sick sinus syndrome was documented (tachy-brady syndrome: sinus bradycardia with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation), and in one more patient, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Indications to EMB were long-term persistent progressing cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac dilatation with or without a decreased ejection fraction, and resistance to antiarrhythmic therapy. In 16 cases (84.2%), EMB was carried out during the radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of ectopic foci and, in 2 cases (10.5%), during the cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation. In 1 case (5.3%), EMB was an independent procedure in the patient with the sick sinus syndrome, tachy-brady type. EMB was performed using a bioptome manufactured by Cordis, 5-8 tissue samples were collected from the right ventricle apex and inter-ventricular septum. The light and polarization microscopy of biopsy samples was performed; the standard protocol of endomyocardial biopsy was followed. Eighty-six tissue samples were collected in 19 patients. No adverse events during any case of the EMB procedure were documented. According to the EMB data, the diagnosis of myocarditis was confirmed in 9 pediatric patients; in 5 cases, it was active myocarditis, in 2 subjects, borderline myocarditis; chronic and recovered myocarditis was found in 1 pediatric patient apiece. In 2 patients of the study group, signs of myocarditis were associated with those of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy/right ventricular dysplasia (AC/RVD). The viral genome was confirmed in cardiomyocytes in 4 children: parvovirus B19 in 2 patients, enterovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, in 1 patient apiece. In 3 patients (15.8%), morphological alterations were considered signs of primary cardiomyopathy. In 6 patients (31.5%), no pathological changes were found in the biopsy samples. In one case (5.3%), no morphological assessment was made due to technical issues. Thus, according to the data of EMB performed in the authors’ hospital in children with progressing cardiac arrhythmias, myocarditis was revealed in 47.4% of cases. It cannot be ignored indeed that such a high ratio of patients with the confirmed substrate of arrhythmia is caused by the thorough selection of candidates for the procedure and the initially high probability of myocarditis, predominantly its latent type, as a cause of malignant cardiac arrhythmia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндомиокардиальная биопсия</kwd><kwd>миокардит</kwd><kwd>аритмогенная кардиомиопатия / дисплазия правого желудочка</kwd><kwd>дилятационная кардиомиопатия</kwd><kwd>магниторезонансная томография</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимическое исследование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endomyocardial biopsy</kwd><kwd>myocarditis</kwd><kwd>arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy/right ventricular dysplasia</kwd><kwd>dilated cardiomyopathy</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry assessment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Школьникова М.А., Егоров Д.Ф. 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