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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник аритмологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Arrhythmology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8641</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-7327</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НАО «Инкарт»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35336/VA-2021-1-5-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestar-905</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение стереотаксической радиохирургии в эксперименте на крупных животных для проведения неинвазивных вмешательств в аритмологии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental use of stereotactic radiosurgery for non-invasive interventions in arrhythmology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васковский</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vaskovskiy</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентин Анатольевич Васковский</p><p>Москва</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vvaskov03@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таймасова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taymasova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антипина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antipina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>G. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голанов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golanov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ревишвили</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Revishvili</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр хирургии имени А.В.Вишневского» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.V. Vishnevskiy National Medical Research Center of Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии имени академика Н.Н.Бурденко» Министерства здравоохранения</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васковский В.А., Таймасова И.А., Калинин Д.В., Антипина Н.А., Николаева А.А., Смирнов Г.Ю., Голанов А.В., Потапов А.А., Ревишвили А.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васковский В.А., Таймасова И.А., Калинин Д.В., Антипина Н.А., Николаева А.А., Смирнов Г.Ю., Голанов А.В., Потапов А.А., Ревишвили А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vaskovskiy V.A., Taymasova I.A., Kalinin D.V., Antipina N.A., Nikolaeva A.A., Smirnov G.Y., Golanov A.V., Potapov A.A., Revishvili A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/905">https://vestar.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/905</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью экспериментального исследования являлось изучение эффектов стереотаксической радиоаблации различной дозы на миокард предсердий, желудочков и атриовентрикулярное (АВ) соединение в отдаленном периоде (до 6 месяцев); а также оценка коллатерального повреждения при радиоаблации.</p><sec><title>Методы исследования</title><p>Методы исследования. Исследование выполнено на 4 домашних свиньях. Возраст животных составил 1012 недель, средний вес 30±2,7 кг. Животные были разделены на группы по зонам предполагаемого лучевого воздействия: 1 животное АВ узел (доза 35 Гр), 2 животное АВ-узел и верхушка левого желудочка (ЛЖ) (доза 40/35 Гр, соответственно), 3-е устья легочных вен (ЛВ) и левое предсердие (доза 30 Гр), 4-е АВ узел и свободная стенка ЛЖ (доза 45/40 Гр, соответственно). Под внутривенной седацией с аппаратным контролем гемодинамики выполнялась компьютерная томография сердца с контрастированием для оценки степени смещения камер сердца за один дыхательный и сердечный циклы и оценки анатомии камер сердца и смежных органов. Выделение зон воздействия проводилось в 3-х проекциях: аксиальной, фронтальной и сагиттальной. Для электрофизиологического (ЭФ) контроля животным имплантировались петлевые регистраторы. Среднее время облучения составило 11±7 минут. Срок отдаленного наблюдения составлял 6 месяцев с последующим проведением морфологического исследования аутопсийного материала.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Средний период наблюдения после эксперимента составил 134,75±77,34 суток. ЭФ эффект был достигнут при воздействии в область АВ-узла в виде развития преходящей АВ-блокады 3 ст. (2 животное 40 Гр на 108 сутки наблюдения) и полной АВ-блокады с асистолией (4 животное 45 Гр на 21 сутки наблюдения). При воздействии на ЛВ и ЛЖ нарушений ритма сердца не зафиксировано. При макрои микроскопическом исследовании отмечались заметные изменения в области воздействия, имеющие четкие, но не ровные границы зоны повреждения, не выходящие за пределы запланированных (конформное воздействие с высокой степенью прецизионности). Отмечался трансмуральный характер изменений: массивные поля фиброзной ткани различной степени зрелости (с преобладанием субэпикардиального повреждения) с очаговыми кровоизлияниями различной давности и грануляциями, окруженными кардиомиоцитами с коагуляцией и вакуолизацией цитоплазмы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение данной технологии для лечения тахиаритмий имеет высокие перспективы в современной аритмологии в качестве альтернативного метода аблации</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. The aim of the experimental study was to study the effects of stereotaxic radioablation of various doses on the myocardium of the atria, ventricles and atrioventricular (AV) node in the long term (up to 6 months); as well as assessment of collateral damage during radioablation.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The research was carried out on 4 domestic pigs. The animals were 10-12 weeks old, the average weight was 30±2.7 kg. Linear accelerator «TrueBeam», Varian was used for the experiment. Animals were divided into groups according to the zones of planned radiation exposure: 1st animal AV node (dose 35 Gy), 2nd animal AV node and the apex of the left ventricle (LV) (dose 40/35 Gy, respectively), 3rd animal pulmonary veins (PV) and left atrium (dose 30 Gy), 4th AV node and free wall of the LV (dose 45/40 Gy). Under intravenous sedation with hemodynamic monitoring, contrast-based CT of the heart was performed to assess the degree of displacement of the heart chambers in one respiratory and cardiac cycle and to assess the anatomy of the chambers of the heart and adjacent organs. The allocation and the contouring of the target zones were carried out in 3 projections: axial, frontal and sagittal. For electrophysiological control, loop recorders were implanted in each animal. The average exposure time was 11±7 minutes. The long-term follow-up period was 6 months, followed by morphological examination of autopsy material.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The average follow-up period after the experiment was 134.75±77.34 days. The electrophysiological effect of the ablation was achieved in cases of complete AV-block development. This effect was developed in 2 out of 3 animals, whose AV-node was exposed: 2nd animal 40 Gy on 108th day of observation and 4th animal 45 Gy on 21st day of observation. No cardiac arrhythmias were recorded in all cases. The results of macroand microscopic examination showed significant changes in the target zones. These areas had precise but uneven damage boundaries, which were within the planned ones (conformal exposure with a high degree of precision). The transmural nature of the changes was noted as well. Massive fields of fibrous tissue of various degrees of maturity (with a predominance of subepicardial localization) with focal hemorrhages of various ages and granulations were detected, which were surrounded by cardiomyocytes with coagulated and vacuolated cytoplasm.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of non-invasive stereotactic treatment of tachyarrhythmias has high prospects in modern arrhythmology as an alternative ablation method.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стереотаксическая радиоаблация</kwd><kwd>желудочковые тахикардии</kwd><kwd>неинвазивная аблация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stereotactic radioablation</kwd><kwd>ventricular tachycardia</kwd><kwd>noninvasive ablation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васковский ВА. 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